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John-Tagore Tevet
Research Group of
Structure Semiotic
by Euroacademy,
Tallinn
john.tevet@graphs.ee

INTRODUCTION 0
1. SEMIOTIC ATTRIBUTES AND THEIR USING3
  1.1. Semiotic invariants3
  1.2. Itemization the regularities 5
  1.3. Girth and clique regularity 5
  1.4. Bisymmetry, clique- and strong regularity 10
2. SYMMETRY PROBLEM: THE ORBITS 14
  2.1. Orbits: equal positions in the structure 14
  2.2. Symmetry kinds and measuring 17
  2.3. Orbit structures 18
3. PROBLEMS OF CANONICAL REPRESENTATION AND ISOMORPHISM 21
  3.1. Canonical representation the graphs 21
  3.2. Deep identification the structure 23
  3.3. Graph isomorphism problem in general 27
  3.4. Isomorphism recognition by sign matrices 29
  3.5. Canonical outputs of isomorphism algorithms 30
4. PROBLEMS OF ADJACENT STRUCTURES AND RECONSTRUCTIONS 34
  4.1. Relationships between isomorphic graphs and their (G\vi)-sub-graphs 34
  4.2. The adjacent structures: greatest sub- and smallest superstructures 38
  4.3. On the Ulam’s Conjecture 40
  4.4. Reconstruction: an opposite operation of deconstruction 41
5. SPECIFICATIONS 44
  5.1. Semiotic Identification Principle 44
  5.2. System Forming Principle 47
  5.3. Some specifications about the adjacent structures 49
SUMMARY 53
REFERENCES 54

Page created June 1st, 2002
Last edition June, 2010

APPENDIX:
IMAGINATION OF THE CREATION PROCESSES IN ART AND SCIENCE
  Definitions 1
  Discussion 5
  Conclusion 14

NB! THE GRAPH ISOMORPHISM PROBLEM IS IN P
Abstract: There is under investigation the structure of graphs. It is a method, where on the ground of ‘semiotic invariants’ be constructed a canonical presentation mode of the graphs, which can be used to solve some classical and non-classical problems in a compact non-classical way, such as orbits, symmetry properties, orbit- and adjacent structures, girth- and clique regularity, isomorphism classes, reconstructions and others.

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